Othello Essay Essay Example

Othello Essay Paper In act 5 scene 2 of the show ‘Othello’ . we witness Othello slaughtering his wedded lady Desdemona on the grounds that Iago fooled him into accepting that she was executing criminal discussion. All through the show Iago tricked Othello into accepting that his wedded lady was tear offing on him. this story line flood tides in this finishing up scene when Othello murders Desdemona so takes his ain life in shame. In the wake of perusing William Shakespeare’s definitive. wrote in the nineteenth century. I watched Oliver Parkers film variant ( 1995 ) . The lighting. outfits. camera shootings. music. view and histrions were completely used to incredible result to depict the play that followed in the ilm. We will compose a custom article test on Othello Essay explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Othello Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Othello Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer As in all film adaptations there are numerous distinctions to the account line. primarily in light of the fact that the book delineating what is going on out of sight is non required in a film as should be obvious what is going on. This is represented in lines 20-22 as they are discarded on the grounds that they are unneeded because of the plugging point up shootings. which obviously show Othello crying. Appearance and world is a subject which reoccurs all through Othello. furthermore, plays a significant capacity. This subject has its generally incredible and emotional acknowledgment in the character of Iago. Iago fools everybody in the dramatization into accepting he’s legitimate. for in spite of the fact that he is alled ‘honest’ by about everybody in the dramatization. he is untrustworthy. misleading. what's more, manipulative. Nobody even presumes him of treacherousness. until the finishing up act when Roderigo principal acknowledges how seriously he’s been tricked. In short. Iago demonstrates that malevolent purposes can be veiled behind a facing of honestness. The subject rises in different characters: Brabantio is bamboozled by Desdemona’s response to Othello. assuming she fears him when she truly adores the Moor. Othello speculates that Desdemona is erroneous and debased. in spite of the fact that she is genuinely inculpable and guiltless. Othello other than feels he’s being tricked by Cassio. whom he trusts and ho seems faithful. Emilia’s outside proposes salty lack of concern. however, she betrays her hubby and kicks the bucket in insubordination of Desdemona. It is the military qualities. for example, honestness. trust and amicable relationship. which should be between fighters permit Iago to full make things happen the characters. ( Othello. 1995 ) On the issues of topic visual perspective versus world. Othello and individual characters place incredible dependance on their eyes and in settling on so they hop to choices. There rather a couple of outlines where there is a type of disarray in that characters accept n simply their eyes show to them. consequently. Looks can so be truly lead oning. One models where the subject visual perspective versus world comes into outcome. is when Othello spots Cassio strolling off in the wake of addressing Desdemona. This framed the balance of jealousy and offered ascend to instinct for which Laga was dependable as he made Othello perceptive that an issue was taking topographic point among Cassio and Desdemona. In truth Laga was the 1 who was rapacious. In Othello the use of creative mind and etymological correspondence by Parker is sighifant it shows the importance since it causes us to see the main subjects. The central subjects are nature. obvious radiation. snake pit and shamelessness. Othello. 1995 ) Iago says ‘I’ll empty this plague into his ear’ in the monolog I think the creator utilized the representation since it is useful on the grounds that Iago says lies and equivocations resemble a malady or toxicant which shows how his equivocations are to wreck Othello. The plague implies ailment so this implies Iago expressing appalling lies. In the location Iago makes numerous notices to hellfire. Villains will the blackest sins’ I think the author put it a bunch of notices to hellfire since it reflects Iago’s character and shows how dull the story is. The crowd may accept other than that Iago is the Satan. So the subject here is one of obscurity and impropriety. In Iago’s monolog Iago utilizes the word ‘Moor’ a group. This shows Othello is ever on Iago’s head and it shows he despises Othello. In the monolog the contacts among highly contrasting is other than utilized as a similitude ‘virtue into pitch’ among Othello and Desdemona In the film Othello coordinated by Oliver Parker Iago’s monolog speaks to a clump about his character. First and foremost Iago’s face is in a clump of shadow. This shows Iago is untrustworthy in light of the fact that the shadow shows different sides of his face. At the point when Iago says ‘I play the villian’he contacts his ear. This is an imprint proposing he is lying and encountering apprehensive so the position modifications to an even more a tense subject. Iago is set in obscurity. pale blue dim toward the starting to represent he is a dull. malicious character. He talks just as the crowd is his companions toward the start. Iago gazes out into the out when he is talking about Desmonda. This tells he is accepting about the best way to nail down her. At the point when Iago is talking about Othello. Iago gestures in the method of the royal residence. By making this he is demoing that he is ever perceptive of Othello and stressed that he may procure discovered. Iago adjustments quickly when he say’ Divinity degree Fahrenheit snake pit! ’ He voice becomes lower and progressively genuine. This is on the grounds that he is revealing increasingly more of his program to nail down them all. Iago keeps oculus contact with the crowd now. This shows he needs to influence the crowd in his program what's more to demo that he genuinely needs to do Othello experience harming. The music at begins calm so becomes stronger. The music begins the line ‘Divinity of snake pit! ’ This is on the grounds that he reviled and he going increasingly more darker in what he says. Violin strings do the music ; this makes a frightening music. which is only option to demo how shrewd and unpleasant Iago is. Towards the terminal of the location Iago moves towards the fire. The bronzed flames of the fire speak to Iago’s malicious side since reddish is regular related with snake pit Iago holds the seething terminal of a fire log and snuffs it with the thenar of his clench hand expressing. ‘So will I transform her ideals into pitch’ . also, out of her ain goodness make the internet that will ensnarl them all. This shows Iago needs to use Desdemona in his unethical behavior program and by using her he will divert her from being white and unadulterated ( ‘virtue’ ) into non so unadulterated ( ‘pitch’ ) . At the point when Iago shuts his authorities in the location. This speaks to him pin bringing down them all. In the event that I were coordinating this scene preeminent I would hold had hints of air current to demo the nearness of shamelessness. I would hold Iago have oning wear dull hued array. to demo the crowd that he is dim. At the point when Iago references Othello he says ‘Moor’ so when he says ‘Moor’ I would hold him attract a furious face to demo his contempt towards Othello. At the point when Iago says’ She’s surrounded as fruitful’ He should express that genuinely sensibly and grin however in a snide way to demo that Othello thinks the universe of her. At that point he ought to change from a sensibly voice to a genuine voice when he says ‘then for her. to win the Moor again’ . By making this he is demoing his program on the grounds that he’s using Desdemona magnificence and inasuns to obtain O thello. At the point when Iago asks logical request, for example, ‘How am I so a villain’ he should take a gander at them camera to the crowd and wink a spot to demo that he realizes he is non guiltless yet he despite everything attempts to do everyone accept that he is. Towards the terminal of the location when Iago says ‘So will I transform her into prudence into pitch. Furthermore, out of her decency make the internet. that will ensnarl them all. ’ He ought to be perched on the pre-winter messing around in the irt. so as he is expressing the line he should get the dirt put it over his manus thus do a clench hand with the rest of the dirt to demo that he is pin bringing down them all. The music ought to be as yet frightening however somewhat darker like more fiddles ought to be added to do the music darker. This would be acceptable in light of the fact that it would demo Iago is much darker. The music ought to get away from calmer however so turn stronger at the line ‘Divinity of snake pit! I feel the music should be on all through the monolog to demo how dim Iago is. Iago’s point ‘make the net. That will ensnarl them all’ ; is extremely effective in light of the fact that Iago chief snares Roderigo by expressing that he will et Desdemona for him. Iago following snares Cassio by securing him rummy thus Cassio misfortune his occupation. Following Iago traps Desdemona by doing her request that Othello give Cassio his occupation back so Othello thinks she is holding an issue. Iago effectively traps Othello into accepting that his ain wedded lady is holding issue with no solid relevant proof. Numerous perishes go on. Desdemona kicks the bucket. Rodergio passes on. Iago wedded lady kicks the bucket and Othello passes on. Iago has caught them all since they all bones and he got his counter on Othello. There are numerous uses of illuming in a film. Oliver Parker utilizes illuming to incredible result at he get bringing down of Act 5 Scene 2. He lays the right foundation by using truly quieted lighting ; this procedure mirrors the close by moment of retribution and Othello’s. dim dull edge of head. Desdemona’s chamber a tiny bit at a time gets darker as Othello quenches the shapes as

Energy-Nonrenewable,Renewable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Vitality Nonrenewable,Renewable - Essay Example Significant customers of vitality incorporate the mechanical, transportation and private areas (Gaudreault 683). There has been moving patterns in vitality preservation. The protection endeavors include the utilization of other elective types of vitality and expanding attention to monitor vitality for use by the people in the future. Oil is the support of the cutting edge society. It is utilized run overwhelming hardware. It additionally keeps on filling genuine political pressures. As a non-inexhaustible asset, its proceeded with use may result into extreme consumption. This is on the grounds that oil takes a significant stretch to reestablish. It needs to take natural issue to live, kick the bucket and rot to frame oil. Rotting plants and creatures structure the reason for petroleum products. It is evaluated that the procedure of oil arrangement takes 300 million years (Pfeiffer 287). The ignition of these petroleum derivatives gives the vitality that man needs. Vitality sources incorporate oil, coal and hydroelectric force. Non-inexhaustible assets are assets that don't reestablish themselves at an adequate rate for feasible extraction. Instances of these assets incorporate carbon-based and inferred fuel. The natural material becomes fuel oil, gas after it is exposed to changing measures of warmth and weight. Non-renewable energy sources, for example, coal, flammable gas and oil are different instances of sustainable sources. These assets contribute altogether to natural corruption as a result of failure to be reused after extraction (Arthur 1510). People remove other non-sustainable wellsprings of vitality, for example, minerals and metal minerals since they exist inside the earth’s outside layer. Their extraction is made conceivable by the characteristic land procedures, for example, enduring, heat. These procedures happen because of numerous long periods of crustal reusing, structural subsidence and plate tectonics. The stores of these metal minerals can be separated by people for their monetary gains inside the human-time

Seen and Not Seen

Seen and Not Seen DID YOU KNOW? The melody of Sir Andrew Lloyd Webbers I Dont Know How To Love Him is remarkably similar to that of the second movement of Mendelssohns violin concerto. When approached with this information, Sir Andrew remarked that it was amazing that two composers could come up with the exact same sequence of notes. There is so much I wanted to do for IAP for no other reason than so I could blog to you about it, but the incredible wealth of activities on the IAP calendar with my busy schedule of turning turkeys into oil and blogging, I actually dont have time to participate in every single IAP activity that strikes my fancy. Its tragic, to say the least, but it just goes to show you how much there is to do during IAP. One thing I did do is fry forty-six meatballs this weekend for the Mafia potluck. I asked you folks last entry whether I should make meatballs or potato-bean soup for the Mafia potluck at NH4, and Sams Mom settled the issue with this bit of logic: I was going to tell you to make the soup because it sounds easier, but since it is a Mafia potluck, I guess the meatballs would be more appropriate. So, an entire day of simmering sauce and 45 minutes of frying later, I had forty-six nigh-perfect meatballs to show for my work. I ended up with half of one at the end of the night, so I guess it was a jorb well done. A pox on Jeremy and Javier for killing Laura and I (the two inspectors, no less) on their first turn as mafia. Now heres me blogging about some stuff that I didnt do but that looked pretty cool. The MIT Ringtone Competition Judges Guest judge: Edge from U2 Marvin Minsky Tod Machover Mary Farbood Submissions January 9, 2006 (9:00a.m. EST) to January 22, 2006 (11:59PM EST) How to enter Download Hyperscore and create your Ringtone. From Hyperscore, submit your Ringtone by clicking Share Menu, then Upload Music and selecting MIT Ringtone Competition Submission At the marching bands suggestion, I was actually working on a version of We Are The Engineers for this competition, but I got caught up in some of my other musical projects, and it turns out that the software for this isnt so user friendly. Dont tell H-Lounge I said that. Also, I wasnt too interested in the prize of a VIP card to any of Bostons clubs, and the otherwise exciting prospect of meeting U2s the Edge was diminished somewhat by the inevitable social awkwardness of meeting himI mean, his first name is technically the, right? How do I greet him? Hey there, The! Hello, Mr. Edge! I just dont know. Laboratory for Chocolate Sciences Chocolate Tour of Boston Ever wondered where to buy the best and most intersting chocolate. How you been wanting to go to Finale but have had no one to go with you. Come join your fellow chocolatiers in a guided tour of all the chocolate hot spots in Boston including Burdicks, Cardullos, and La Fromaggio. Meet in Lobby 7 to join tour. I was actually fully intending to go to this, but it was snowing and then I woke up and went to see Ariel later and she was like, Oh, how was the chocolate thing? and I was like Good oh, wait, I forgot to go! Dangit! Just the concept of a chocolate tour of Boston seems pretty cool, although once again the excitement is diminished by the fact that I live a scant 20 minutes from Hershey, Pennsylvaniathe so-called, Sweetest Place on Earth. But tomorrow I will not forget to go to the MIT Integration Bee, and I will blog about that most mightily.

Slavery in Ancient India - 1213 Words

SLAVERY IN ANCIENT INDIA:- Slavery was a universal social evil and had its origin even from the early period of history. In India, its origin is closely associated with the caste system. It is believed that Sudras might have been reduced to slaves. A.L.Basham considers the Aryan conversion of the nativs into slaves as the origin of slavery in India. In ancient India slaves were well treated and their right well protected. Sarat Patil use in his book â€Å"Dasa, Sudra, Slavery† that the Sanskrit term- Dasa which refers to was slave, was derived from the root word das which means one who perform menial service. According to Arnold J. Taynbee, slavery was a non voluntary system of personal relation, resting totally upon force. Encyclopaedia†¦show more content†¦The entire process of agriculture was done by the land slaves. They worked hard but their hard work never made them rich; they were exploited by the land owners. There was no limitation of work or work hours. There duty was- 1. Ploughing of land 2.transplanting work 3.sowing seeds 4.watering field 5.harvesting crops 6.thrashing 7.winnowing 8.manuring 9.fencing 10.watching crops. According to Arthasastra of Kautilya a stricking social development of the Mauryan period was the employment of slaves in agricultural operations. It seems that during the Mauryan period, slaves were engaged in agricultural work on a large scale. During period of Asoka about 1 lakh 50 thousand war captives brought by Asoka from Kalinga to Pataliputra may have been engaged in agriculture and its allied activities. DOMESTIC SLAVE OR HOUSEHOLD SLAVE:- Those who worked in the house of the master, they were known as domestic slave. Most of the slaves in ancient India were attached with the house of masters. They attached whole life to serve masters from morning to night. Generally children were sold by their parents during famine and they became domestic slaves. They were regarded as the property of their master. The domestic slaves usually formed an integral part and provided social honour for their masters. Master statuses were determined by the number of slaves. There duty was- 1. Draining water 2. Hewing wood 3.Show MoreRelatedLibrary Information / Literacy Project : Human Trafficking And Slavery1117 Words   |  5 PagesLibrary information/Literacy project: Human Trafficking and Slavery Introduction: Human trafficking is a global epidemic that affect millions of victims that has being trafficked for prostitution and some forms of child labor across international borders. This human illicit trade and inhuman crime produces around $32 billion in profits each year. A five-year-old chained to a rug loom in India, a domestic servant enslaved and beaten in the Middle East and sex slave trafficked within theRead MoreRace, Identity, And Social Norms Essay1280 Words   |  6 Pagessubjected to disproportionate ideas of equality. We tend to only recognize racism that occurs in the United States, ignoring the fight for acceptance of those of African descent around the world. The articles, â€Å"Being African in India: ‘We are seen as demons’† ‘Shock in India Over Mob Attack On Tanzanian Student† both effectively highlight the presence of race as the determinant of the choices you make, the way you are viewed by others, and ultimately the way in which you are treated in society. ItRead MoreSocial Stratification Can Be Defined As A System In Which1024 Words   |  5 Pagesproperty, power, and prestige. Social stratification can affect the way people interpret life. There’s four major systems that makes up social stratification slavery, caste, estate, and class. Slavery refers to the aspect that people can own other people. This has been around since ancient times of history, and still do this day occurring. Slavery is based upon three factors, which the debt, crime, and war. Slaves were classified as the poor, by not having any land, and zero power. Although several slavesRead MoreEconomic Ideas of Kautilya1527 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ideas of Kautilya: Economic ideas of Kautilya can be broadly explained under the following topics: ïÆ'Ëœ Nature and purpose of material wealth ïÆ'Ëœ Varta ïÆ'Ëœ Agriculture and Animal Husbandry ïÆ'Ëœ Dignity of Labour ïÆ'Ëœ Trade ïÆ'Ëœ Public Finance ïÆ'Ëœ Population ïÆ'Ëœ Slavery ïÆ'Ëœ Welfare State ïÆ'Ëœ Social Security ïÆ'Ëœ Interest: ïÆ'Ëœ Price Control ïÆ'Ëœ Socio-Economic Institutions ïÆ'Ëœ Town Planning Nature and Purpose of Material Wealth: The term Artha (wealth) occupied an important place as one of the Purusharthas, in the system of economicRead MoreAp Us History Definitions1466 Words   |  6 Pagescalendar (including leap years), and religious practices that would spread to influence other belief systems in the future. †¢Cahokia – Cahokia is the area where an ancient city was created during older times. The Cahokia Mounds is one of the largest archaeological sites today, which played a huge role in the finding and discovery of many ancient artifacts that could hint to the past. †¢Hopewell – It was a developmental period in the Native American woodland civilization. Overall, it was centered in theRead MoreThe Status of Women in India in the Past, Present and Future Essays1157 Words   |  5 Pagesserious ethical issues in India today. Gender inequality in India is described as a preferential treatment arising out of prejudice based on the gender. The aim of this research is to discuss the status of women in India in the past, present and future and discuss any political movements which took place in the society in order for Women to be regarded as equal. BODY India has always been one of the ancient civilizations to treat women with respect. Women in ancient India were held in high esteemRead MoreChattel Slavery1359 Words   |  6 PagesChattel slavery, so named because people are treated as the personal property, chattels, of an owner and are bought and sold as commodities, is the original form of slavery. When taking these chattels across national borders it is referred to as Human Trafficking especially when these slaves provide sexual services. Indentureship Indentured laborers were assigned contracts in which they were paid wages to work for a specified period of time. After the contracts expired they were given the optionRead MoreAp World History : Michael Foley1337 Words   |  6 PagesAP World History Michael Foley 1A: We can examine painting that ancient artists drew, the homes they built, the tools they had, listen to oral history, and much more. There is indeed a benefit to studying history in this way, since it gives a hands-on account of what was there 12,000 years ago, allowing us to see and deduce for ourselves how ancient civilizations operated. 1B: The first civilizations formed at around 10,000 BCE, when humans settled around the Fertile Crescent to plant crops likeRead MoreMauryan/Gupta India vs. Imperial Rome Methods of Political Control755 Words   |  4 PagesCompare/Contrast Essay: Mauryan/Gupta India and Imperial Rome methods of political control Gupta India (320 B.C.E-550 C.E.) and Imperial Rome (31 B.C.E.-476 C.E.) both had very distinctive methods of political control based on everything from cultural reasons to geographic limitations. Many factors were present affecting the similarities and differences between the two. To begin, unity was difficult in India due to its geography which created a separation of sorts. However, it did makeRead MoreAccording To The National Institute Of Justice (N.D.) â€Å"The1413 Words   |  6 PagesS. definition is the recruitment, harboring transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or services, through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery. When comparing these definitions, they all are similar based on the issue of transporting individual’s for labor or exploitation by using a specific type of force. They all are relatively narrow regarding the types of acts discovered relating to

Strengths And Weaknesses Of A Good Teacher - 1505 Words

Teachers come in all different shapes and sizes. The way someone shows up in the classroom, as a teacher, is associated with how they show up in their ordinary, everyday life. Which is to say, there are as many different teachers as there are different personalities in the world. Many factors contribute to an effective teacher, including the teaching approach, classroom presence, and capability for creativity. What Is a Good Teacher? Everyone may have their own idea of what a good teacher is, but I think a good teacher is someone who is passionate about helping others learn. I think a teacher is someone who is not only knowledgeable, but also has a strong desire to profess his/her knowledge of a subject to others. Some might even say†¦show more content†¦Another weakness of mine as a teacher is that sometimes it is difficult for me to monitor the students during class. For example, if a student is doodling during the lesson, I am not very skilled in redirecting the student’s attention to the lesson. With this weakness, as with my other weaknesses, I feel that it will improve over time. In other words, as I gain more experience in the classroom, I expect to improve on my weaknesses. Teaching Approaches A teaching approach considers what it takes to teach and learn a language.2 When it comes to teaching approaches, I think they may vary depending on both the lesson and the students’ needs. Overall, however, I think I prefer to use the Affective Humanistic Approach. This approach is based on the principles of respect, communication, interaction, peer support, and a comfortable atmosphere.3 I like this approach because I personally think the learning environment dictates a great of how well the students will do in the classroom. I also think peer support will aid in classroom unity, which may help the students to feel more comfortable with questions and performance. Another approach I like to use is the Cognitive Approach. The Cognitive Approach uses the idea that language is a series of rules best processed through an inductive method.3 I like to use this approach, depending on the level of the students, because I find that it challenges the students butShow MoreRelat edStrengths And Weaknesses Of A Good Teacher1121 Words   |  5 Pagesbehavior within your profession. Doing so ensures that you are growing and improving your teaching skills by building on old strengths to benefit you as an instructor, but especially by ensuring improvement in the students that you serve. What is a good teacher? â€Å"What the educator does in teaching is to make it possible for the students to become themselves.† 1A teacher s objective should not be to shape the students as a reflection of that educators image, instead they should see themselvesRead MoreEssay On Strengths And Weaknesses Of A Good Teacher1378 Words   |  6 Pages A good teacher is not defined by a specific personality or style of teaching; rather, a good teacher is defined by her commitment to her students learning. A good teacher is someone who is patient with her students, who creatively and relentlessly finds helpful ways to communicate ideas to students, and who instills confidence in her students by setting them up for success. A good teacher inspires her students to strive for more than they think possible. A good teacher teaches her students howRead MoreSupport Staff and Teachers1033 Words   |  5 Pages1 As a teaching assistant your teacher may involve you in the planning of a lesson, she will tell you what the lesson is about and who they want you to work with. When the teacher is planning the lesson you should have the opportunity to discuss and look at pupils work with the teacher, this is called review. Review is when you can look to see if the work that has been set has been done and if the child has understood what has been asked of them. It would be a good idea to walk around the classroomRead MoreEffective Communication Is Enhanced By Good Communication Skills1322 Words   |  6 Pagestwo or more people with the aim of conveying information. Effective communication is enhanced by good communication skills. Good communication skills are important in all walks of life because it enables people to interact and convey information in an effective manner. For example, a doctor requires good communication skills in order to get the needed information from a patient. Failure to portray good communication skills by the doctor means that the patient will not be in a position to provide theRead MoreEssay on My Personal Philosophy of Education 1490 Words   |  6 Pages Philosophy of Education Relating my reasons for becoming a teacher was not a very difficult task for me; to accomplish this task I simply needed to reflect upon and describe some of my own personal experiences. I relied basically upon my memories and thoughts about my own educational experiences. However, describing my philosophy of education was much more difficult task for me to accomplish. First of all, before I could properly describe my philosophy, I realized I needed a workingRead MoreStrengths and Weaknesses1033 Words   |  5 Pagessits in class. Maybe I do not like to write because I am not good at it. Maybe I just need to practice more on my writing skills, and   that way I can feel confident about myself. After all, I have never seen someone give up on something they are good at. Despite all these excuses as to why I am not a good writer, I still try and do my best when I am writing an essay. My English 49 portfolio includes essays which show my weaknesses, strengths, and areas of im provement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     First of allRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of Experimental Research1459 Words   |  6 Pagesmanipulates the conditions in one group to see if certain activities or materials will change the outcome. The strengths of experimental research are researcher can have control over variables, can be used in many fields of research, there are clear conclusions, research can tailor the experiment to his or her needs easy to determine the causes and effects. The weaknesses of experimental research are there can be human error, the researchers personal bias can intrude, the sample may notRead MoreEssay on Standardized Testing in Schools1399 Words   |  6 Pagesstudent achievement and aptitude. However, some standardized test scores have been misused as a manner in which to track students, allocate school funds, and even determine teacher pay. Standardized tests, when used appropriately and for the right reasons, can adequately determine a students present level of strengths and weaknesses and his or her aptitude for certain abilities. There are two basic types of achievement assessments: norm-referenced and criterion referenced. In a norm-referenced testRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of My Generation1192 Words   |  5 PagesStrengths and Weaknesses of My Generation The most common strength of students is technological literacy due to an increase in availability of technology such as laptops and smartphones as well as an increase in online assignments and/or typed assignments. The most common weaknesses of students include critical thinking, time-management, communication, and soft skills. Strategies to improve upon students’ weaknesses include reforming America’s education system by revoking the No Child Left BehindRead MoreEssay on Exploring the Importance and Purpose of School1368 Words   |  6 Pagesafter completing the educational process. In school thorough a good education, students learn how to plan to achieve their goals. They also learn how to think critically and creatively, and improve the other skills they need. By exploring different subjects and fields they recognize their interests and abilities which lead them to achieve success. In schools students are encouraged to overcome their weaknesses through their stre ngths. John Gatto is imprudent when he stated in his article, Against

Discussion Questions Week 1 Economics 365 Free Essays

Discussion Questions Week One Economics 365 TEAM C- WEEK ONE DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1. What is economics? What role does economics play in your personal and organizational decisions? Provide an example of the role of economics in decision making. (Ana K Gonzalez) * According to â€Å"What Is Economics? A Definition Of Economics† (2012): * Economics is the study of the production and consumption of goods and the transfer of wealth to produce and obtain those goods. We will write a custom essay sample on Discussion Questions Week 1 Economics 365 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Economics explains how people interact within markets to get what they want or accomplish certain goals. Since economics is a driving force of human interaction, studying it often reveals why people and governments behave in particular ways. There are two main types of economics: macroeconomics and microeconomics. Microeconomics focuses on the actions of individuals and industries, like the dynamics between buyers and sellers, borrowers and lenders. Macroeconomics, on the other hand, takes a much broader view by analyzing the economic activity of an entire country or the international marketplace (Para. 2 3). Economics play an important role in all aspects of life and sometimes people don’t realize that they are using economics day by day. With the use of economics people can understand how to spend time and money. Unemployment, technological progress, interest rates and budget deficits are important issues presented in our daily personal and professional lives. As students, economics can help us to acquire more knowledge about what kind of difficulties business in our region presents, how to solve it, and the difference procedures to follow to succeed as a business holder. 2. What is the difference between a movement along and a shift of the demand curve? What is the effect on the equilibrium price and quantity that results from an increase in demand, supply, and both? Provide examples for each instance. What is the role of supply and demand in decision making? Provide a real-world example. (Sonia Elias) The difference between a movement along and a shift of the demand curve in the movement along is caused by a change in the price of goods or services performed and a shift of the demand curve is caused because a change in any non-price determining on the demand and it can change to both side the right or the left. The effect in the equilibrium price and quantity that result from the increase in demand is the price goes up because of the demand of the product is more and also the quantity has its effect because with more demand it requires more quantity on the product. A good example is the petroleum now its price is going up because of the demand it is suffer. The role of the supply and demand takes the role of decide how much quantity will require to provide the costumers with their demands on a certain product; it makes the decision of require more quantity of products to supply the costumers. . What is the definition of price elasticity of demand? What is the relationship between price elasticity of demand and total revenue? How does price elasticity of demand affect a firm’s pricing decisions? How does the availability of substitutes affect the price elasticity of demand? Provide an example. (Chuck Crain) By definition, price elasticity simply means the way demand responds to price changes. The relationship between price elasticity and total revenue can be a very successful one or a total nightmare based on whether or not the product has good elasticity. As long as the product is something the general public either needs or is very high on their want list, then the product has good elasticity and the profits will continue to increase, thus making total revenue much greater. However, if the product is something society can live without, then the product has bad elasticity and total revenue will go down. When a firm decides to make or sell a product, many considerations go into their long term plans, such as will this product stand the test of time and will it be profitable even in tough financial cycles. As long as the product has good price elasticity and the competition is low, then prices can be adjusted to meet the current market price or to increase revenues. However, if the product has a bad elasticity, then the business will have to decide on whether or not to raise prices, but this decision could cost the company money now and in the future because the customers chose not to pay a higher price. When people want a similar product without the high price, they turn to substitutes. This can include any generic brands of products that provide close to the same experience for the customer, without the higher price of their original brand. Substitutes greatly affect the elasticity of price, because people can choose to buy another product at a lower price, and basically get the same results from the product. An example would be if a person loves to drink Coke, but can’t afford the price they charge. The person would turn to a cheap brand such as Sam’s Cola and receive basically the same benefit, without spending the extra money. * Reference Principles of Macroeconomics. (2009). Retrieved from http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/economics/14-02-principles-of-macroeconomics-fall- 2009/ What is Economics? A Definition of Economics. (2012). Retrieved from http://www. whatiseconomics. org/ Why is economics considered social science?. (2012). Retrieved from http://wiki. answers. com/Q/Why_is_economics_considered_social_science How to cite Discussion Questions Week 1 Economics 365, Essay examples

Oil Drilling free essay sample

No Oil Drilling In Protected Areas Oil, or petroleum, is a complex mixture of various hydrocarbons and rock minerals found below the earths surface. When the oil is extracted from the ground it is then refined into various gases or fuels and as a raw material, it can be used to make plastic, pesticides and many more uses. Oil drilling is a process of perforating the earth’s surface and rock layers to extract fossil fuels or oil for energy productions. Oil is found all over the world and it is drilled in many countries. It is formed from the organic decay of plants and animals that existed millions of years ago. Although oil is very useful but drilling it is commonly associated with environmental damages, as it requires the disruption and depletion of certain lands and their resources. As oil grows scarcer, companies look for more places to drill, and many now have their eyes on protected wildlife areas. We will write a custom essay sample on Oil Drilling or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although drilling oil in Belize could be useful to the society therefore it should be banned from the protected areas because it will destroy the land, threatened endangered species and loss of ecosystems. Oil drilling will cause destruction to the land and pollution to the atmosphere. Drilling often requires the construction of roads, lodgings, oil derricks, and other buildings, which can be unsightly and disrupts the composition and fertility of the soil, as well as the drainage patterns that form naturally within it. This can have devastating effects on plant growth, as soil becomes either too polluted or too wet or dry to support life. In the case where there is too much deforestation, this can leads to destroying natural habitat and erosion of the soil causing another challenge to the land. When oil is drilled, it can result in spills on the land. This oil spilled seeps into underlying groundwater affecting us as humans. Although it is used to make fuels and gases for us to make our life easy but when these are burned, they releases toxic substances in the atmosphere which can be harmful for the environment and even us. Many endangered species are going to be threatened in the protected areas. These animals and plants that live or are secured in the protected areas are to be saved from extinction. We are not supposed to be demolishing their homes and life. Therefore there should be no oil drilling in these protected areas. If oil is drilled, we will lose the beauty of our land and affecting or killing endangered species. Some species depends on other species for survival. Once the oil is pumped to the surface, it occasionally leads to accidental spills and this can be detrimental to wildlife especially endangered species that are in the areas and destroys their habitat. Plants are covered with the oil when it is spilled and animals that feed on these plants get infected damaging inside their bodies leading them to death. Other animals that feed on these infected animals also get infected. While other the oil stick to their bodies, especially birds avoiding them to breathe or even moving. Therefore we must not allow oil to be drilled in protected areas since it affect animals and plants life. Destroying protected areas will result in the loss of ecosystems. Drilling in protected wildlife areas can also disrupt food chains, as some animals are able to stop hunting and scavenging by feeding on the trash left by workers. Food sources are wiped out in spills, meaning that spilled oil covers and kills not only the flora and fauna but animals that rely on them for food will also be affected by starvation. When predators are forced to eat affected food, they can become poisoned from ingesting oil-soaked tissue. Although drilling oil in Belize protected areas can be useful to the society but it has negative effects on wildlife, especially our endangered species and also the environment. Oil drilling operations has effects on future generations. Despite all of the uses that we have for oil, it can be hazardous to the environment and ecosystem. Therefore in order for us to maintain a clean environment, we should not be drilling oil in protected areas but protecting it for future generations. Let us emphasize on being environmentally friendly and protecting nature from losing its beauty. References: * Oil. Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite. Chicago:Â  Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010.

Mumia Abu Jamal Essays - Mumia Abu-Jamal, Commonwealth V. Abu-Jamal

Mumia Abu Jamal Wesley Cook was born in 1954. While he was protesting at a George Wallace for president rally in 1968, several white men attacked him. He claims that two men grabbed him. One kicked his face and skull, while the other kicked him in the groin. As the beating progressed, "he looked up and saw the two-toned gold-trimmed pant leg of a Philadelphia police officer." He yelled for the police, who saw him on the ground being beaten to a pulp. "A police officer marched over briskly, and kicked him in the face."1 "I have been thankful to that faceless cop ever since, for he kicked me straight into the Black Panther Party."2 Wesley Cook became a founding member of the Black Panther Party's Philadelphia chapter in 1969 at the age of 15. After joining mainstream news organizations in the 1970's, Wesley Cook changed his name to Mumia Abu-Jamal. As a teenage journalist, Jamal took an interest in stories about police brutality. Jamal was known to be a rare talent of radio journalism. He had a powerful intellect and a burning empathy for poor people. He was known as a skillful interviewer and became a well-known figure in local broadcasting journalism. Jamal appeared on National Public Radio, the National Black Network, and local Philadelphia stations including WUHY-FM (now WHYY). He had a lot of admiring friends in journalism and politics, and had no prior record of crime or violence. Despite his personal experience of police brutality and years as a teenage Black Panther, he kept his noise clean even under the microscope of the FBI and Philadelphia police surveillance. By the late 1970's, Jamal was also an ardent sympathizer and supporter of MOVE ? a black militant antiestablishment, antipolice group. He started wearing his hair in long dreadlocks like a MOVE member. By mid 1981, Jamal's growing obsession with MOVE had compromised his standing as a journalist and cost him his job at WUHY. He started freelancing his writing skills, while moonlighting as a cabdriver. He was robbed while on duty with his cab, so he started to carry a gun. 3 During this time, the Philadelphia Police Department was so notorious for violence and police brutality, that the United States Justice Department, in an unprecedented 1979 civil suit, charged then mayor (and former police commissioner) Frank Rizzo and the top police brass with "encouraging rampant police brutality, racism, and lying." This suit was later dismissed on jurisdictional grounds.4 On December 9, 1981, Philadelphia police officer Daniel Faulkner was shot to death. On July 3, 1982 Mumia Abu-Jamal was convicted of Officer Faulkner's murder and sentenced to death. Beyond these two facts, there are a number of versions of the incidents that lead to Mumia Abu-Jamal's conviction. This paper will review the incidents of December 9, 1981 and show that Mumia Abu-Jamal was not provided a fair and impartial trial by his peers, and was wrongly convicted and sentenced for the death of Officer Faulkner. What the Jury Heard: On December 9, 1981, at 3:51 a.m. Officer Faulkner stopped Mr. William Cook (Jamal's brother), who was driving a Volkswagen Beetle for a traffic violation, on the south side of Locust Street about 80 feet east of 13th Street. The area at the time was known for its seediness. The area had many late-night bars, nightclubs, cafes, and streetwalkers. Officer Faulkner radioed his location and then added: "On second thought, send me a wagon."5 He was apparently planning to arrest Mr. Cook or someone in Mr. Cook's car for an unknown reason. According to two prosecution witnesses, both Faulkner and Cook got out of their cars. Faulkner spread-eagled Mr. Cook across one of the cars and then suddenly turned and slugged Officer Faulkner. Faulkner responded by clubbing Cook several times with his 17-inch flashlight. Mr. Cook's face and neck were bloody when police arrived. By coincidence, Mumia Abu-Jamal was parked in his cab and came out of a parking lot on the northeast corner of Locust and 13th. He accelerated from a walk to a run as he charged toward Officer Faulkner across Locust Street. It was never fully disclosed at the trial, why Jamal's cab was parked nearby. He just happened to be around. In any event, this is when the point blank shooting started to occur. According to the prosecution's theory, Jamal ran up behind Officer Faulkner to within one foot, and shot him in the back. The wounded Faulkner turned around and returned fire, hitting Jamal in the chest, and falling onto his back. Jamal then

buy custom Negative Business essay

buy custom Negative Business essay Introduction The American airlines came into operation from a group of small independent firms which were dealing with mails. In 1933 the airline ordered its fist Curtis condors and on by June the year 1936 it flew the worlds first commercial DC-3 trip which started from Chicago and ended in New York. In the year 1941 the airline stated to offer his services in Mexico. In 1981 the airline stopped 707 series fleet and introduced the AA Advantage program, Americans frequent flyer project. From the year 1981 till the year 2011 the airline has developed very much. For instance, currently the airline has fleet size of 622 (+104 orders) and more than 260 destinations. Although American airline is the worlds third-largest airline in passenger miles transport, operating revenues and passenger fleet size its last profitable year was 2007(Kakuk A, Theriault B Bourgoin J). Negative financial deals for American airline for the recent three years For the last three years starting from the year 2008 to 2010 the American airline has never made any profit. For instance, over those years the airlines performance and financial timelines was as follows; the company made a net loss of $2.1 billion in the year 2008.These results was due to increase in fuel prices from an average of $2.13 per gallo in 2007 to an average of $3.03 per gallon in 2008.Even though the fuel prices have increased constantly from the record prices recorded in the year 2008, fuel prices always remains volatile. Due the fuel price volatility, the prices of fuel is keeping on increasing every time and this has highly affected the Companys financial conditions and its performance in general (AMR CORPORATION ANNUAL REPORT, 2008). In 2009 the Company recorded a net loss of $ 1.5 billion. This was due to a significant decrease in passenger revenue because of lower traffic and passenger yield. Mainline passenger revenue reduced by $3.2 billion to $15.0 billion in the year 2009. Mainline passenger unit revenue reduced by 11.1% in 2009 due to an 11.2% reduction in passenger yield. Besides, in 2009 the Companys performance results were negatively impacted by a net of $107 million in special items, non-cash tax item and restructuring charges (AMR CORPORATION ANNUAL REPORT, 2009). In 2010 the Company recorded a net loss of $471 million. The smaller loss in 2010 was due to an improvement in the weak global economy. The mainline passenger revenue was raised by $1.7 billion to 16.8 billion in 2010. Mainline passenger unit revenues increased by 10.4% in 2010 because of 8.7% increase in passenger yield. Fuel prices increased by $847 million to $6.4 billion for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to 2009. Hedging effects costs the company $142 million of the overall increase in fuel cost (AMR CORPORATION ANNUAL REPORT, 2010). Relevant Costs plus Risk and Return are the two financial concepts which the Company has employed leading to his downfalls. In Relevant Costs the Company made business decisions in the 2008 that its McDonnell Douglas MD-80 and Embraer RJ-3-135 aircraft fleets were no longer required. In addition with these capacity reductions, the company realized $71 million in expense for employee costs and $33 million expense concerning the grounding of leased Airbus A300 aircraft before the lease expiration. In the case of Risk and Return the company is negotiating with aircraft makers like Boeing Company to replace all its fleet by buying more than 250 planes in a deal worth 15 billion while it has never made any profit(GRAZIANO, C, 2009). Yes, I strongly believe that the Company will recover very soon. This is because; its net loss was narrowed to $436 million this year, from $505 million of last year. In addition, the airline is planning to own two more Boeing 777-300ER aircraft to be delivered in 2012and 2013.Hence, raising itsb performance in order to recover soon (Schlangenstein, M, 2011). The main two key ways the Company should employ to become financially strong again involves, it should invest heavily in aircrafts which consumes less fuel and creates good customer relationship in order to gain many customers as possible. Buy custom Negative Business essay

Realism in England and France Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Realism in England and France - Essay Example The French were able to take a hard look at the effects of the industrial revolution at the end of the Napoleonic wars. Appalled by the blighting effects of technology, misery of the lower class and the industrial smog of London, the French decided to approach modernism carefully. The British workers were more educated and more productive than the French were. The French slowed down industrialization contrary to England, a nation that transformed itself from a rural community to a more urban community and from an agricultural to an industrial nation. By the year 1840, England's agriculture was overtaken by industries in prominence but it was until 1950 when the rural way of life predominated in France. As an outcome of its economic policies, French was spared by industrial pollution that had made life in England a dark shrouded nightmare. The difference in artistic content between the French and English Realist artists is explained by their contrasting economies. Most artists were mi ddle class aged, and they were financially secure enough to criticize the prevailing establishment by depicting their own age. They painted from a protected privileged position. The lower classes did not represent themselves because they were represented in terms of needs and attitudes of the dominant class. E.g. in France, Jean-Francoise Millet was from a wealthy background and concentrated on peasant life.In France, illustrating peasants were quite extensive with risk for an artist. Outside Paris, the lower classes were resistant.

Critical appraisal of a qualitative research paper Essay

Critical appraisal of a qualitative research paper - Essay Example he review links potential findings of the study to a wider framework of theoretical knowledge in the area of community health services and helps the reader identify gaps in the existing body of knowledge and justify the need for their study. Such synthesis of relevant information relating to the previous research provides adequate background to the study. Specific nature of the formulated research purposes raised a set of specific requirements to be addressed within a certain methodological framework. The context of study undertaken by Bissel and colleagues suggests that the choice of qualitative approach is the most appropriate alternative in this case. Such choice of methodology and research design is absolutely justified by the formulated research purposes and obtained results: the type of reasoning utilised by Bissel and colleagues is apparently inductive: the authors do not formulate any specific hypothesis or suggest a theory to be tested. Instead, they offer several research objectives to be fulfilled. Data gathering techniques chosen by the authors within the qualitative methodology are congruent with the purposes of their study. The authors prefer semi-structured interview is the instrument of data collection. Semi-structured interview is one of the most popular types of interviewing due to several reasons. Firstly, semi-structured interviewing allow for focused two-way communication. Secondly, while the questionnaire framework implies formulation of detailed questions, a semi-structured interview starts with more general topic or questions, identified ahead of time, and makes it possible for the interviewer to seek for relationships between the questions/topic and variety of relevant issues. The answers given by the interviewee serve as the basis for more specific questions formulated during the interview. And finally, semi-structured interviewing is not as time-consuming and costly as other qualitative methods, while the data is valid, diverse and

The Cinderella Of The Building Industry Construction Essay

The Cinderella Of The Building Industry Construction Essay Building maintenance normally regarded as the Cinderella of the building industry. The maintenance of the built environment affects everyone continually, for it is on the state of our homes, offices and factories that we depend not only for our comfort but also for our economic survival. Maintenance of the building will start from the day the builders and contractors leaves the site of the construction or after the construction is fully completed. Normally, all the building owners wants their building will keep the maintenance to a minimum cost and need the maintenance in a good and effective maintenance. In order to get the effectiveness of the maintenance, organizing maintenance work is required for the maintenance. Organizing maintenance work is to examine how work will organized to best effect. Consideration will give particularly to the place of statutory control and guidance and the involvement of contractors. The value of the supervision and inspection will explore. The overal l aim is to expose methods that are most likely to achieve the desired end-result of satisfactory buildings in which to live, work and play. Organizing is the managerial function of arranging people and resources to work toward a goal. The purposes of organizing include but are not limited to determining the tasks to perform in order to achieve objectives, dividing tasks into specific jobs, grouping job into departments, specifying reporting and authority relationships, delegating the authority necessary for task accomplishment, and allocating and deploying resources in a coordinated fashion (Anton, 2010). As a word, organization can mean an organization that is the process of getting something organized. Different organization will organize building maintenance differently. For example, two different local authorities will not organize their building maintenance work in the same way unless two different organization of the building maintenance will organized the building maintenance work in the same way is if they outsourced the provision of the service to the same company of the outsource contractors (Wood, 2009). British Standard Institution (1964) defines maintenance as work undertaken in order to keep or restore every facility such as every part of a site, building and contents, to an acceptable standard. The British Standard further explain that where there are statutory requirements for maintenance, the acceptable standard must be no less than that necessary to meet the statutory requirements, and maintained is defined in the Factories Act (1961) as maintained in an efficient state, in efficient working order and in good repair (Seeley, 1976). ORGANIZING MAINTENANCE WORK MAINTENANCE PLANNING The Pocket Oxford Dictionary defines a plan as a method or procedure for doing something on the design, scheme, or intention. In term of building maintenance management, maintenance planning has both a narrow and wide definition. The narrow definition relate to preventive maintenance in the form of planned maintenance programmed. While, wide definition maintenance planning as an essential management tool for controlling all aspects of a building maintenance management operation and will include planned preventive maintenance programmed, planned levels of expenditure on day-to-day and reactive maintenance, disaster planning, and planned strategies of asset management in conjunction with a business plan or corporate plan (Wordsworth, 2001). The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Guidance Note on Planned Building Maintenance defines the maintenance planning under five categories that are determining the policy for maintenance, deciding and preparing maintenance p rogrammes and obtaining funds for them, getting the work done, controlling progress of work and budget expenditure, and monitoring the effectiveness of the programme (Wordsworth, 2001). The nature of the maintenance planning in the building maintenance involves determining systems and sequences of operation. This noted that maintenance planning must necessarily involve a level of prediction. The prediction is not only focus on the building stock and the deterioration, but also focus on the future policy of the owners or users of the buildings. The maintenance manager or maintenance department can deal with these uncertainties with a twofold oncoming, which are by collecting and analyzing sufficient information to place as much degree of certainty on the variables as possible and by recognizing that a level of uncertainty will remain and introducing flexibility and review options within the plan (Wordsworth, 2001). The collection of the information is to assist the maintenance manager to predict with some degree of confidence will be in the form of condition surveys of the property, details of costs and cost trends in building, and information related to the wider po licies of the owners and users of the building. Care in such information gathering will enable the maintenance manager or the person who responsible for the maintenance of the building to reduce the uncertainty and permit effective planning to proceed (Wordsworth, 2001). In planning maintenance, an aim of the maintenance manager is to match the available resources with the workload. The effectiveness planning is difficult with this category of work because of the large number of uncertain factors involved. In view of the uncertainties, maintenance planning must be formulated at different levels and constantly revised according to the new information that is put into the system. Long-term programmes medium-term programmes and the short-term programmes were identified as a level of the maintenance planning (Seeley, 1976). SUPERVISION OF MAINTENANCE WORK Supervision is a management activity carried out to ensure that the work as in a plan will carry out correctly and expeditiously as what in the maintenance planning (Wood, 2009). Furthermore, the supervision of maintenance work was executed is to ensure that is of a satisfactory standard and in accordance with the drawings and specification. With the larger contracts, it is customary to employ a clerk of work who is constantly in touch with the job in order to supervise the maintenance work. Besides that, the clerk of work also is responsible to ensure that the maintenance is work as a planning. However, with the smaller contracts or smaller jobs periodic supervision only can be obtained often through the medium of architects, surveyors, inspectors or other supervisory staff (Seeley, 1976). Clerk of work must have an extensive practical knowledge of building materials, principles of construction and the execution of techniques in all trades. As a supervisor in the maintenance work, they need to ensure that all the materials and workmanship are in accordance with the drawings, specification and any other relevant documents. Furthermore, the clerk of work must to avoid their self from making any exorbitant demands or altering details or materials without getting the approval from the architect, surveyor or maintenance manager to whom he is responsible (Supervision of Maintenance Work, 1976). Besides that, the clerk of work will also responsible to prepare reports for consideration by the architect, surveyor, or maintenance manager. The preparation of the reports might be in the term of weekly reports, periodic reports or special reports (Seeley, 1976). Site meeting is also one of the supervision of maintenance work. This is one of the way to organizing maintenance work. Site meetings will hold regularly on larger jobs and are generally convened by the architect, surveyor, maintenance manager or any person who responsible for the supervision of maintenance work. The main objective of the site meetings is to ensure that satisfactory progress is maintained and to provide the opportunity for clearing outstanding points. Supervision of maintenance work is important for the all parties to get involves in the site meeting including subcontractors (Seeley, 1976). Adequate supervision of work to the new construction and of alteration and repair work need as one of the way in the organizing maintenance to ensure that the materials and workmanship comply with the contract particulars and relevant statutory requirements. In the absence of such strict supervision in the maintenance progress, inferior materials, poor workmanship and the omission of important details can occur resulting in subsequent trouble and expense to the building owner (Seeley, 1976). PLANNED INSPECTIONS A planned inspection is a formal systematic check carried out at predefined regular intervals against a detailed list of plant, equipment and activities (Code of Practice on Planned Inspections, 1993). According to the Baiche, Walliman and Ogden (2006) work needs to check regularly to ensure compliance with legislative requirements (Wood, 2009). The purpose of the planned inspections is been carried out is to ensure the systematic examinations of all locations, facilities, tools, plants, materials and to observe how these are used by employees and contractors. By carrying out the planned inspections and through taking follow up action on any defects or unsafe working practices noted, the maintenance manager or the person who responsible to maintain the building. Critically, planned inspections can effectively contribute to the provision of the safe working environment and reduce the risk of injury to persons, damage to equipment, buildings and to the environment (Code of Practice on Planned Inspections, 1993). Furthermore, planned inspections are carrying out for a variety purposes including preparation a schedule of the facilities that need to maintain and their present condition, detecting misappropriation from predetermined standards and incipient faults that may result in such deviations developing before the next inspections. Other purposes are ascertaining the cause of the misappropriations, the extent of the remedial work necessary to restore to the required standard and prevent a recurrence of the defect, and the relative urgency of the work. Checking that previous work was done in accordance with the instructions and that the work specified was adequate also is a purposes and the reason why the planned inspections is required to carrying out in the organizing maintenance work (Wordsworth, 2001). The complicated design of the buildings and the great variety of the possible defects makes it necessary fully preplan the inspections and to provide comprehensive checklists to ensure that no part of the building is missed from the inspections. Appropriate criteria also should be laid down for each element, components, or equipments and the types of the inspections needed fully defined and documented. Planned inspections also include details of the form of the inspections. For a greater consistency in organizing the maintenance work, special program macros should be prepared for each element and sub element, setting down the essential information required by the inspector with space to record the result and the recommendation of the inspections. For the later processing, a location code is required to assists and gives some information. To facilitate retrieval and computer processing of inspections, the facilities and elements should be grouped according to the location and the peri odicity of the inspections. SCHEDULING CONCLUSION

Concept of Globalisation

Concept of Globalization Globalization means different things to different people. The three important perspectives of globalization are as follows: †¢ To a business executive, globalization refers to a strategy of crossing national boundaries through globalized production and marketing networks. †¢ To an economist, globalization refers to an economic interdependence between countries covering increased trade, technology, labor, and capital flows. †¢ To a political scientist, globalization refers to an integration of a global community in terms of ideas, norms, and values. Because of these differences in perspectives, globalization has been defined in many different ways. The following are the widely used definitions of globalization: †¢ â€Å"Globalization is a free movement of goods, services, people, capital, and information across national boundaries. † †¢ â€Å"Globalization is a process by which an activity or undertaking becomes worldwide in scope. † †¢ â€Å"Globalization is a process of integration of the world as one market. † Form these definitions; it is clear that globalization leads to an integrated global economy. The process of globalization ultimately converts the huge globe into a small global village. Forms of Globalization Globalization is a multi-dimensional process. It has four important dimensions: economic, cultural, political, and environmental. The process of globalization is now influencing these aspects of an economy. A brief description of these forms of globalization is as follows: ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION: Economic influence is the most obvious part of globalization. Economic globalization is contributed by liberalization, deregulation, privatization, and declining costs of the markets in goods, services, capital, trade, and finance. Economic globalization has speeded up in the recent past. A free-trade doctrine removes the barriers to the flow of goods between countries. The formation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) has given impetus to this process. Multinational companies are another force to boost up economic globalization. CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION: Different countries have different sets of national beliefs, values and norms. The expanding process of globalization has brought these cultural diversities together to form a global culture. Advances in communications, television networks, transportation technology have been reducing the barriers of distance and culture. Over the last several years, global communications have been revolutionized by developments in satellites, digital switching, and optical fiber telephone lines. As a result of such developments, reliable system of commercial jet travel has reduced the time it takes to get from one location to another. This has tremendous impact on the flow of tourists across the globe. Television programmers have made people aware of other cultures and languages. These have reduced the cultural distance between countries. The process of globalization has increased mutual understanding, peaceful coexistence, and learning from each other's experiences. POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION: Nations today are more inter-dependent. They are joining hands to participate in creating macro-political framework for development. There are exchanges of views and experiences between nations regarding the establishment of good governance system, legal system, human rights, free media, property rights, decentralized pattern of governance, relatively free access to state information, and so on. The regional grouping of nations has promoted the integration further and created pressure for democracy and human rights. Because of these global influences, the political system worldwide made a shift away from command and mixed economies to the free-market model. ENVIRONMETAL GLOBALIZATION: The globe today is facing unprecedented problems of global warming, depletion of the ozone layer, acute loss of bio-diversity, and trans-border pollution. In fact, ecological problems like floods, soil erosion, water pollution, air pollution, acid rain, and global warming cross national borders without hindrance. To prevent any further degradation of global ecology, the world community is actively engaged in preventing the growing problem of environment. Today, world attention has been drawn toward conservation of environment, harnessing water resources, and judicious use of non-renewable resource. The world community is, therefore, trying to encourage countries to understand these global environment issues and adopt legal and other measures to protect the environment. Nature of Globalization Globalization promotes international business. The international business is composed of four main categories: (i) world trade, (ii) portfolio investment (iii) direct investment, and (iv) multinational enterprises. A brief description of international business is given below: WORLD TRADE: The oldest form of international business is trading of merchandise. Consumers in one country buy goods, which are produced in another country. This is a common phenomenon. Most of the world trade today is among the industrialized countries. World trade is mostly made up of manufactured goods. The service trade has also been rapidly increasing during recent years. Export business is beneficial for a country not only in terms of trade, but also because it creates export-related jobs. With the growing integration of the world economy, world trade would also increase. In fact, expansion of world trade itself has been made easier by two things. Firstly, technological changes in transport, global network of banking and insurance, and information flows have made it possible to undertake world trade more quickly. Secondly, a number of international and regional agreements or arrangements have been established to promote and coordinate world trade. PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT: International portfolio investment is also known as indirect foreign investment. Portfolio investment is the second main type of globalization. It is the purchase of foreign securities in the form of stocks, bonds, or commercial papers to obtain a return on that investment in the form of dividends, interests, or capital gains. Acquiring foreign stocks and bonds does not confer managerial control of a foreign enterprise on the buyer. Rather, the international portfolio investor is a creditor whose main concern is a decent return on his or her investment. Therefore, the capital flow is greatly affected by relative interest rates and strong currency values, which result in high return for the investors. FOREIGN DERECT INVESTMENT: Foreign direct investment (FDI) is the long-term capital investment. It involves acquisitions by domestic firms of foreign-based factories or any other types of business firms. The investor, thus, enjoys managerial control over the assets of the acquired firm. Direct investment may be financed in a number of ways other than through capital movements. Foreign investments may be financed by borrowing locally, by reinvesting foreign earnings, by the sale to foreign affiliate of non-financial assets such as technology, or through funds generated by licensing fees and payments for management services to the parent company. MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES: FDI is an important vehicle for the birth and growth of multinational companies. A multinational company encompasses both domestic and overseas operations. It is called multinational because it operates across national boundaries. However, its focus is on foreign markets. A multinational company, thus, has all the components of the definition of globalization and international business discussed above. Being multinational in scope and activity, such firms also encounter wide-ranging socio-cultural, political, and legal problems while operating in many different countries. Methods of Globalization There are a number of methods for globalization of business. In each method, there is a choice of strategies to follow. These strategies are sometimes referred to as â€Å"foreign market entry strategies†. If the international business strategy is to be successful, a business firm must carefully analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different entry methods before deciding on its approaches. A brief account of some of the methods of globalization is as follows: EXPORTING: The most widely used and common method of doing business internationally is exporting. A direct export operation is a direct sale by a manufacturer to an overseas customer. Indirect exporting involves selling through an intermediary. Exporting is preferable when the cost of production in the home country is substantially lower than producing goods in foreign markets. Therefore, business firms having cost advantage would like to export their products to foreign markets instead of investing in production facilities there. Exporting is, thus, the first stage in the evolution of international business. Exporting is the best alternative under a given set of conditions. It is the least complex global operations. However, there are some factors, which make exporting less attractive than other alternatives. For example, policies of some governments discriminate against import. In some cases, imports are even banned. There may also be hostility against imports. In these situations, exporting strategy may not be effective. LICENSIG AND FRANCHINSG: Licensing and franchising are important entry and expansion methods. Through these methods, the companies can expand their business. Earnings come to the company through fees and royalties. Today, many western companies have been extensively using licensing and franchising practices. One of the growing trends in international business today has been trademark licensing. This has become a substantial source of worldwide revenue. Licensing offers rapid entry into a foreign market. Under international licensing, a business firm can contractually assign the rights to certain technical know-how, design, intellectual property to a foreign company in return for royalty. In many countries, law regulates such fees or royalties. At times, a licensing agreement may be of cross-licensing type wherein there is mutual exchange of knowledge and patents. In a cross-licensing arrangement, a cash payment may or may not be involved. The advantage of licensing is that the licenser does not have to bear the development costs associated with opening up in a foreign country. The licensee bears the costs. Franchising is a form of licensing in which a parent company (the franchiser) grants another independent entity (the franchise) the right to do business in a prescribed manner. The franchisee buys an established marketing package without the risks of product acceptance, market testing, etc. The franchiser gets foreign market entry at minimum cost, plus a local ntrepreneur. The privilege may be the right to sell the parent company's product, to use its name, to adopt its methods, or to copy its symbols, trademarks and architecture. One of the common forms of franchising involves the franchiser supplying some ingredients for finished products, like coca-cola supplying the syrup to the bottlers. Hilton Hotels might sell a franchise to a local company in Nepal to operate hotels under the Hilton name. FULLY OWNED MANUFACTURING FACILITIES: Bigger corporations establish their own factories abroad. This strategy has some advantages. The corporation owning the factory has full control over production and quality. There is also no risk of developing potential competitors as in the case of licensing and contract manufacturing. However, there may be some problems while operating in a foreign country. The government may impose restrictions on the use of desired technology. Similarly, constraints such as lack of skilled manpower, infrastructural facilities, production bottlenecks, raw material supply etc. may also be encountered. Above all, the corporation may have to invest a lot in terms of financial and managerial resources to operate the plant in its fullest capacity. JOINT VENTURES A joint venture is a partnership in which the domestic firm and the foreign firm negotiates tie up involving one or more of the the following:equity,transfer of technology,investment,production and marketing. The arrangement defines responsibility for performance,accountability and powersharing. MERGER AND ACQUISITION The most extensive form of participation in global market is 100% ownership,which may be achieved by start up,merger or acquisition STRATEGIC ALLIANCE Various terms are used to describe the linkage between firms to jointly pursue a common goal,such as collaborative agreements,strategic alliance and global strategic partnership. EFFECT OF GLOBALISATION Increasing globalization has many effect and consequences on an indivisual business firm as well as the national economy. These effect are both positive as well as negative. We can identity some 5 major effects of Globalisation Liberalized International Trade Import Penetration Foreign Direct Investment Multinational Companies Competitive Environment

Human Performance Technology

Human Performance Technology (HPT) uses a wide range of interventions that are drawn from many other disciplines including, behavioral psychology, instructional systems design, organizational development, and human resources management. It stresses a rigorous analysis of present and desired levels of performance, identifies the causes for the performance gap, offers a wide range of interventions with which to improve performance, guides the change management process, and evaluates the results. Human Performance Technology Process The human performance technology process begins with a comparison of the present and the desired levels of individual and organizational performance to identify the performance gap. A cause analysis is then done to determine what impact the work environment (information, resources, and incentives) and the people (motives, individual capacity, and skills) are having on performance. Solution to performance problems can fail when they are selected to treat only visible symptoms rather than underlying causes. When the root causes of a problem are uncovered and eliminated, however, the likelihood of significantly reducing or eliminating problems is greatly enhanced. Once the performance gap and the causes have been determined, the appropriate interventions are designed and developed. These may include measurement and feedback systems, new tools and equipment, compensation and reward systems, selection and placement of employees, and training and development. The interventions are then implemented and the change process managed. Evaluation is done after each phase of the process. Initially, formative evaluation assesses the performance analysis, cause analysis, intervention selection and design, and intervention and change phases. Then evaluation focuses on the immediate response of employees and their ability and willingness to do the desired behaviors. The final evaluations are centered on improvement of business outcomes (such as quality, productivity, sales, and customer retention, profitability, and market share) as well as determining return on investment for the intervention. Components of the Human Performance Technology One of the most powerful steps a company can take is to establish measurable, observable criteria whereby a competent individual can determine if a specific, critical task has been done correctly and completely. If individuals have no formal, structured means to evaluate their own performance, supervisors will have no structured, formal means to evaluate an individual performance and provide useful feedback. Training can only address skill deficiencies, that is, the â€Å"can't do† versus â€Å"won't do† behaviors. Nonetheless, training can have a dramatic impact by increasing productivity, decreasing unplanned downtime, reducing the learning curve, and reducing trial-and-error learning. A deficiency that companies must often overcome is the lack of standard operating procedures (SOPs), job aids, and other visual tools that can be used to minimize or mitigate process variations introduced by people. The processes, systems, or methods whereby information is conveyed to job incumbents individually and as a group are integral to the total technology plan. Give the workforce early and frequent information. Give all ranks of employees plenty of advance information regarding the impending technological changes. Help them to understand – in clear and simple terms- project objectives. Educate them as to why these technological upgrades are necessary and how they present opportunities for changes in the way things are done. Let workers know that concurrent with your commitment to technology upgrades is an equal commitment to employee development. Assure them that you will provide them with adequate and timely training support. Finally, set up a structure to harvest process improvement ideas during the debugging and trial run stages. A human performance technologist, high levels of human performance is usually accomplished through instructional technology and performance technology. Instructional technology attempts to improve organizational performance through improving the ability of individual to perform. While performance technology attempts to improve organizational performance through improving the work environment and the work practices of the organization. In today's educational environment, educators use computer applications to perform many rudimentary tasks, such as preparing instructional materials, reporting student progress, and delivering instruction. The objective of most performance technology into a work environment should be to assist the teacher in completing the tasks. So, human performance technology applied to the design of teacher tools, which is an electronic performance support tool for teachers that will help them in their work environment and task performance by recording the occurrences of tasks, such as grading, lesson planning and reporting and the amount of time performing the tasks. But most of the teachers are not proficient in using the latest technology so they revert back to the manual way of doing their tasks. They need enough time to use the new technology because current work responsibilities demanded a great amount of time. However, the perception of more time needed to use the technology can be elimina ted when teachers realize that the technology is an easier method of performing some of their current work tasks. Many students have limited access to technology because some educational institution cannot afford to adapt to the latest technology because of limited resources. In some instances technology is provided but students have not yet develop the necessary skills to learn it (e.g. the client are kindergartens.

The Arab Spring Movement And The Egyptian Revolution Essay

The Arab Spring movement is a fundamental event that occurred in the Arab world and a source for contentious debate amongst Western and Middle East scholars regarding the degree of political change and empowerment that the Arab Spring produced; political change refers to the overthrowing of autocratic governments and empowerment refers to the newfound collective identity, empowerment, and unity amongst citizens to challenge corrupt governments. Social movements such as the Arab spring, are defined as collective acting with some degree of organization and continuity outside of institutional or organizational channels for the purpose of challenging or defending the state authority, whether it is institutionally or culturally based in the group, organization, society, culture, or the world order of which they are a part (Orum and Dale 2009, 218). With this definition in mind, the Arab Spring is a wave of social protests initiated by civilians against corrupt governments. In the case of Egypt, the Arab Spring movement is primarily recognized as the 2011 Egyptian revolution. This revolution is characterized by eighteen day long social protests that largely focused on political and regime changes in regards to Hosni Mubarak’s governance. In part, because Mubarak failed to meet the legitimate aspirations of their citizens. These include but are not restricted to political/economic freedoms, human dignity, and economic prosperities. Considering these explanations, the uprising inShow MoreRelatedThe Arab Spring : A New Movement1587 Words   |  7 PagesThe Arab Spring is the name given to the wave of movement of anti-government protests within the Middle East and Northern Africa. The message of the Arab Spring is by no means an old one: there has been a significant amount of protest and movements prior to the modern 2010 one. The modern Arab Spring sparked in December 2010 when a local Tunisian vendor lit himself on fire in protest of the bribes demanded by the corrupt police. This action sparked similar movements in surrounding countries. ProtestorsRead MoreThe Egyptian Revolution And The Arab World1453 Words   |  6 Pagesaddressed any topic related to the Arab world can be a daunting assignment. Nevertheless, my group was able to create a unique project that highlighted a monumental string of events that shaped the Arab world as we see it today. The topic decided upon was the Arab Spring in Egypt, specifically looking at how Facebook existed in its timeframe as a mechanism for collaboration and action toward a revolution and regime change. Together, we set to understand the Egyptian revolution beginning in 2010 in tangibleRead MoreEssay about Arab Spring, Social Movement?1148 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Arab Spring? Social Movement? Change in society is not always bad, a time of transition from one phase towards another is something that might bring a better condition for the future. Even if the transition period are filled with violence, the end result of the transformation can be either in the shape of new government or even a society change. The beginning of those transitions and transformation are triggered by an action call social movement. In this paper, the writer will attempt to describeRead MoreSocial Media And The Arab Spring1447 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the data from the Arab Social Media Report 2011 by Mourtada and Salem, the amount social media usage increased immensely during the Arab Spring period from January 1 to March 30. The number of Facebook users in the Arab nations had almost doubled, up from 14,791,972 (as of April 2010) to 27,711,503 (as of April 2011) (Mourtada and Salem 9). Similarly, in the first three months of 2011, the number of tweets increased from 55 million to 155 mi llion a day (Mourtada and Salem 15). This increaseRead MoreSocial Media And The Arab Spring1455 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the data from Arab Social Media Report 2011 by Mourtada and Salem, the number of social media usage increased immensely during the Arab Spring period from January 1 to March 30. The number of Facebook users in the Arab nations has almost doubled since the same time, up from 14,791,972 (as of April 2010) to 27,711,503 (as of April 2011) (Mourtada and Salem 9). Similarly, at the first three months of 2011, the number of tweets increased from 55 million to 155 million a day (Mourtada andRead MoreFuture of Arab countries relations after revolutions900 Words   |  4 PagesFuture of Arab countries relations after revolutions Mohamed Abdelaziem Elchime Since the Arab revolutions in Tunisia , Egypt, Libya and Yemen , as well as in Syria mounts to talk about the impact of these revolutions on the Arab political scene in general and the Arab relations - Arab , Will lead variables internal politics which will be witnessed by those countries to reforms in other states and whether led to change in the structure of the Arab political scene in general. key words: ThisRead MoreThe Arab Spring : Social Movements2081 Words   |  9 PagesThe Arab Spring: Social Movements in the Internet Age When it comes to the case of the Arab spring it has a lot to do with how they got their start over social media networks such as Facebook and twitter, social movements just like the Arab spring have established a platform for political activism that wasn’t there before which is what I hope to show and express in my research in the case study of the Arab spring. When it comes to the Arab spring as most know they begun as a social movement on theRead MoreUnderstanding the Arab Spring1050 Words   |  5 PagesThe revolutionary movement in the Middle East started in January 2011 where Tunisian Bouazizi Mohamed, who set himself on fire, ensued to the revolt of his fellow citizens (Pollack 2011). Political and social frustrations led to tremendous discontent of citizens, and massive protests and social movements demanded a change of the country’s political regime. This widespread event was known as â€Å"the Arab Spring† and empowered other people in Arab countries w ho were not satisfied with their sociopoliticalRead MoreThe Between Islam And The Middle East1734 Words   |  7 Pagescountry or nation should be chosen by the people, but there is no clear method for re-elect after a period of time which make it a hesitation point in Islamic ideology. Others think that all these issues should be taken from the modern books where the movement of society needs are more applicable toward the new generation and the first world. However, the Middle East has a different story in the process of democratizing and still have a long way through since it has both Islam, Christianity, Jewish andRead MoreThe Effect Of The Arab Spring On The Muslim Brotherhood1716 Words   |  7 PagesIn this paper, I will be explaining the concept of revolution, its definition, and application in Egypt and Tunisia. I will further discuss the achievement that took place since the revolutions in both countries and finally will conclude by demonstrating the effect of the Arab s pring on the Muslim brotherhood. ‘Revolution’ tend to occur when the basic needs of a population are not met by its government, when there is a violation of basic human rights, when there is no hope, when people are oppressed